Estudo da ação de inibidores peptídicos de enzimas trombina-símiles na coagulação sanguínea humana

Abstract

Ophidism is considered the most important cause of accidents by venomous animals around the world. Botropic venom is a highly complex mixture of proteins, peptides and enzymes that, when interacting with human proteins, triggers several local symptoms, such as edema, ecchymosis, pain, blisters and, in more severe cases, necrosis and limb amputation. It also causes systemic symptoms, such as blood incoagulability. The metalloproteases (SVMPs) and the serine proteases (SVSPs) are the major components of Bothrops jararaca venom and are correlated with local and systemic effects. The treatment for poisoning indicated by the Ministry of Health is the administration of botropic antivenom, which despite being highly effective, has certain limitations, such as the partial neutralization of SVSPs. Among the strategies that aim to improve the antivenom and, thus, the treatment of envenomation, is the search for selective inhibitors for SVSPs, which can act simultaneously to the antivenom. Considering the similarity of the catalytic triad between human serine proteases and SVSPs, and since inertia against human serine proteases is a prerequisite for the association of any molecule with antivenom, the present project aimed at the “Study of the action of thrombin-like enzymes peptide inhibitors in human blood coagulation”. The peptide inhibitors, selective for the inhibition of SVSPs, were designed based on a substrate hydrolyzed by these enzymes from Bothrops jararaca venom and showed different inhibition efficacy. In silico analyzes suggest that the inhibitors bound in regions distant from the catalytic triad (His, Asp and Ser) of batroxobin, a thrombin-like enzyme used as a model in studies of enzyme/peptide inhibitor interaction.