Avaliação de atividades antimicrobianas e antiparasitárias dos extratos alcoólico e aquoso da própolis de Scaptotrigona affinis postica

Abstract

Propolis is a natural product made by bees and mainly composed by resins, which are chemical compounds derived from plants with pharmacological potential. Antimicrobial, antifungic and antiparasitic potential has already been demonstrated in the literature. Propolis from Scaptotrigona aff. postica bee (indigenous stingless bee) is traditionally used in the Brazilian State of Maranhão countryside for the treatment of wounds, but few studies were conducted to understand the biological mechanism behind this activity. Micro-organisms resistance to antibiotics is growing, arising interest in investigating new antimicrobial compounds discovery. The Chagas disease (tropical disease neglected) also demands more effective medicines, causing thousands of deaths annually, and reducing productive capacity. The objective of the present study was evaluate S. postica propolis potential. For this purpose, two extraction steps were held using water and methanol. The extracts were tested against bacterial strains, fungal strains, and Trypanossoma cruzi. The extracts did not present cytotoxicity for mammalian cells, in the concentration which showed microbial activity. One step purification was carried out, through extraction in solid phase, and the fractions eluted. Then antimicrobial activity was evaluated against bacterial strains. Inhibition in the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus megaterium, Microccocus luteus and Escherichia coli strains was observed. These fractions were submitted to MS/MS analysis to identification from compounds. The substances identified were polyphonic, flavonoids, and alkaloids. This study is a pioneer in identifying biological activities from propolis S. postica fractions extracts and search for antiparasiticactivity.