Uso de microfiltração tangencial no processo de purificação do exopolissacarídeo capsular de Haemophilus influenzae tipo B

Abstract

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is a Gram-negative bacterium, responsible for serious infections, such as pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis, especially in children younger than 5 years old and immunocompromised individuals. The main virulence factor of Hib is its polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate capsular exopolysaccharide (PRP), which is used in the formulation of Hib vaccines, conjugated to a carrier protein. The production of the conjugated vaccine is complex and costly, particularly the PRP purification process, that comprises several steps of ethanol precipitation and centrifugation, and uses organic solvents and detergents. Targeting a more affordable vaccine that meets the public health systems demands, the Process Development Laboratory of Butantan Institute has been developing a simpler, economical and easily scalable purification process based on tangential flow filtration. In this process, one major bottleneck is the broth clarification step by microfiltration, which results in low PRP recovery and high variability, probably due to membrane fouling. Regarding this matter, a small scale study was previously performed, in order to identify the best operational conditions of relevant process variables, namely transmembrane pressure (TMP), feed flow, and permeate flow. The aim of this work was to scale up the broth clarification step using the defined conditions for these parameters and to perform a critical flux analysis, which is a very useful tool in tangential flow filtration optimization. Although PRP recovery was relatively smaller in the higher scale (68.5% against 97.5%), the permeate flow and TMP profiles were very similar. Analysis of PRP recovery profile indicated that extending dialysis might improve PRP yield. Critical flux of around 35 L.h-1 .m-2 was determined experimentally, which explains the high PRP recovery when a limit permeate flux of 25 L.h-1 .m-2 was employed in the cell clarification step. In conclusion, the process designed for broth clarification is quite promising in terms of product yield and scalability.