Sinergismo entre antibiótico e migalina como estratégia para a prevenção da formação de biofilme em Escherichia coli enteroagregativa (EAEC)

Abstract

In nature most bacteria are adhered to surfaces and are embedded in biofilm structures. Biofilms are communities with complex structures formed by microorganisms that are adhered to some solid or semi-solid surface and are surrounded by a matrix of exopolysaccharides (EPS). Biofilms are important in various human activities such as: in water treatment plants; in some bioprocesses; pharmaceutical applications and metal extraction. But undesirable growth has a negative impact on activities and human health. Infectious diseases such as cystic fibrosis; infections caused by the use of catheters in a hospital environment and some cases of gastroenteritis are related to the presence of biofilms. In addition, the polymer matrix (EPS) surrounding biofilms is related to antibiotic resistance. Studies show that bacteria contained in biofilms are more resistant to antibiotics than planktonic bacteria. Because of this strategies of prevention or inhibition of biofilm formation are important therapeutic targets. Polyamines are natural molecules, Putrescine, spermidine and spermine are the polyamines frequently found in living beings, these contribute to numerous cellular functions in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In prokaryotes it controls bacterial growth and biofilm formation. Mygalim is a polyamine present in the haemolymph of the spider Aconthoscurria gomensiana. The antifungal and antimicrobial action of mygalin was investigated, and it was active against E.coli, with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) equal to 85 uM Migaline. The objective of this study was to verify the potential effect of mygalin as well as the synergism between this antibiotic compound in the biofilm formation of EAEC 042. Our studies demonstrated that migalin inhibits growth and biofilm formation, and there is a synergistic effect between antibiotic and but the synergism is more pronounced in the inhibition of biofilm formation. Additional studies were done with nanoparticles of mygalim, where it does not hear positive effect. Confocal microscopy confirmed the result of synergism between migaline and antibiotic. These data suggest that migalin could be used in combination with antibiotics for the treatment of tail infections by biofilm formation.