Purificação e caracterização inicial de ativadores pró-coagulantes: ativadores de fator de II e/ou X do veneno da serpente Bothrops jararaca

Abstract

Annually, about 40,000 persons are stricken by snake bite accidents in Brazil, being most of the cases are inflicted by Bothrops genus, whose venom can induce serious pathophysiological effects, mainly disorders in hemostasis. Bothrops jararaca venom is characterized by three main actions: proteolytic, coagulant and hemorrhagic. Some clotting factors can be activated by components present in the venom, classified as pro-coagulant activators, responsible for activating factor X or factor II of the coagulation cascade, generating thrombin. So far, only one procoagulant activator of Bothrops jararaca venom BjV has been characterized, bothrojaractivase, a 23 kDa PI-type metalloproteinase. In this work, we used chromatographic techniques to isolate other procoagulant components of BjV. Thus, by means of affinity chromatographies, BjV was purified on HisTrap and Blue Sepharose resins. Fractions capable of coagulating human fibrinogen and rabbit plasma were obtained, and this last substrate is only coagulated by pro-coagulant activators of BjV. Such fractions with high clotting activity were analyzed, concentrated and their activities on different substrates were differentiated by the use of specific inhibitors of metalloproteinases and serine proteinases. Studies are still being carried out to understand which coagulation factors are being activated by these fractions, by using chromogenic substrates, electrophoresis runs, and mass spectrometry.